LABOUR WELFARE: INTRAMURAL AND EXTRA-MURAL

LABOUR WELFARE: INTRAMURAL

·        Health and medical facilities: -

A healthy workforce is of utmost importance to industry. The ILO in its conventions and recommendations has laid down standards, which have had a contributory effect on legislation in India. the ILO convention 25 concern sickness insurance and medical facilities to be provided to an insured person while convention 103 deals with maternity protection

·        Canteen: -

The ILO in its recommendation 102,mentioned this facility and felt that a competent authority in each country should guide establishments with regard to nutrition, hygiene, finance, etc. In India the factories act places the responsibility on state governments to make rules that in any specified factory with more than with 250 workers, a canteen or canteens should be provide and certain standards should be maintained

·        Crèches:-

The factories act lays down that in any factory with more than 50 women workers a crèche should be provided and maintained for children less than 6 years in a clean and sanitary condition. The act state that the crèche should be under the care of women trained in child care and should have adequate accommodation, lighting and ventilation the state government is empowered to make rules in respect of standards, equipment and facilities .Mothers are also to be given time to feed their children at necessary intervals . The rules formed by sate government lay down the qualifications necessary for the crèche staffs. The need for kindergarten classes in crèches for children between 3 and 6 years was also felt

·        Facilities for storing and drying clothing:-

It is only the Factories Act that has incorporated such a provision. Under section 43 of the Act, a state government may make rules for the provision of suitable places for keeping clothing not worn during working hours and for the drying of wet clothing. As per the Maharashtra Factories Rules 1963, such facilities shall include the provision of separate rooms, pegs, lockers or other arrangements approved by the Chief Inspector in all classes of factories such as engineering workshops, iron and steel works, oil mills, chemical factories, motor garages, tanneries etc.

LABOUR WELFARE: EXTRA-MURAL

·        Housing Facilities: -

Some of the industrial employers both in public and private sectors have provided housing facilities to their employees. Almost all the public sector enterprises have either provided or are in the process of providing housing facilities to their employees. The employees who are not provided corporation’s quarters are paid house rent allowance at some places.

·        Recreational Facilities: -

Recreation is commonly taken to be the opposite of work. It has an important bearing on the individual’s personality as well as his capacity to contribute to the social development. It affords the worker an opportunity to develop his sense of physical and mental discipline. Music, dance, drama, sports and games, painting, carving etc. are different forms of recreation.

·        Transport facilities:-

   The growth of industrial state and workshops out side the city has made commuting a problem for workers .in India, since the public transport system is not fully developed and hardly efficient, the fatigue of travel to and from work has a detrimental effect on the attendance pattern of workers. The CLW after studying the situation recommended that transport on a large scale is best provided by the state; that the local bodies should stream line their operations, increase their fleet and the frequency of buses especially to labour colonies , industrial estate and township, and for carrying workers to and from night shift .they feel that employers could help by giving conveyance allowance

·        Educational Facilities:-

The pace of economic and social progress of a particular country largely depends upon the quality of its work force. Education plays a very important part in motivating and enabling the working population for changes necessary for accelerated progress and for their mental and physical development. This has been recognized in our social and economic planning and a suitable financial outlay on education has been made in different five-year plans. Improvement in the quality of the industrial work force demands accelerated pace of economic development for which education of workers, their families, and their children is very essential.

CLASSIFICATION OF LABOUR WELFARE

1. Statutory

2. Voluntary

3. Mutual

1. STATUTORY WELFARE WORK

The statutory welfare activities consisting of sanitation, good working condition, limitation of hours etc., have to be necessarily under taken by the employer. These activities depend for their observance on the coercive power of the government.

2. VOLUNTARY WELFARE WORK

Employers of their own accord undertake voluntary welfare activities the underlying the idea being those activities is philanthropic. But it also increases the efficiency of the workers and reduces the change of conflict. Some social organizations are also undertaking this type of works.

3. MUTUAL WELFARE

Mutual welfare activities are jointly arranged by the employees and the works it includes trade union activities, which are conductive to the welfare of their members, it is a sort of corporate enterprises of the workers for the improvement of their lot.