GNU/LINUX IS THE ONE OF IMPORTANT FREE SOFTWARE PROVIDERS IN THE WORLD. THEY MADE A REVOLUTION IN THE E-WORLD. BEFORE LINUX, WINDOWS WAS GIANT IN THE CASE OF OPERATING SOFTWARE, BUT LINUX CHANGED THIS. IN THE PRESENT CONDITION LINUX HAVE VERY IMPORTANCE, LINUX PROVIDES SOFTWARES AND OPERATING SOFTWARES THAT BETTER THAN WINDOWS AT FREE COST.
1985 FREE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION (FSF) FOUNDED BY RICHARD STALLMAN. ALONG WITH OTHER PROGRAMMERS CREATES THE TOOLS NEEDED TO MAKE A UNIX COMPATIBLE OS.
1985 Professor Andy Tannenbaum creates a UNIX like operating system based on System V Unix for the IBM PC & PC/AT computers. It is called Minix. 1989 Richard Stallman releases GPL and GNU software but lacks a free kernel. 1991 Building on the concepts in Minix, Linus Torvalds (Finnish college student) develops Linux along with help from other users on the web.
1985 Professor Andy Tannenbaum creates a UNIX like operating system based on System V Unix for the IBM PC & PC/AT computers. It is called Minix. 1989 Richard Stallman releases GPL and GNU software but lacks a free kernel. 1991 Building on the concepts in Minix, Linus Torvalds (Finnish college student) develops Linux along with help from other users on the web.
Linux Distributions
1. Red Hat (Enterprise) Linux is probably the largest commercial Linux vendor. Focus on stability and long term support. Red Hat sponsors a community version (Fedora) which undergoes a more rapid development cycle.
2. KNOPPIX – The first Live CD version. The OS can be booted from, and run completely off the CD. KNOPPIX is based on Debian Linux. Many vendors now offer Live versions. No installation necessary.
3. Ubuntu based on Debian Linux. Ubuntu claims to be most popular desktop version. Many applications and excellent “update mechanism” contribute to its sucess. Revenue is created by selling technical support.
4. Puppy – This distribution is small enough to be loaded entirely in RAM. This frees up the CD/DVD drive for other uses. Configuration can be saved to a file between reboots.Recovery Is Possible (RIP) good for data recovery of corrupted media or backup. Tools such as ddrescue allows copying media sector by sector. Can repair NTFS or FAT partitions.
4. Puppy – This distribution is small enough to be loaded entirely in RAM. This frees up the CD/DVD drive for other uses. Configuration can be saved to a file between reboots.Recovery Is Possible (RIP) good for data recovery of corrupted media or backup. Tools such as ddrescue allows copying media sector by sector. Can repair NTFS or FAT partitions.
Various tools permit user to recover data, repair/modify partitions, backup and clone various types of media. “DD type” tools allow copying a storage device by blocks/sectors. This allows duplicating a device without “knowing the filesystem”. Linux can natively communicate with DECNET protocol. This allows a Linux PC to act as an End Node in a VMS cluster. Other DECNET tools allow additional inter-connectivity between the two OSs. With Samba and Ghostscript a Linux PC can be a Windows PDF print server. Giving individuals the ability to create PDF files without buying Adobe Acrobat or installing additional applications on each computer.
The Linux Documentation Project provide HOWTOs and Guides to accomplish many Linux specific tasks. Linux runs on a wide range of processors from embedded devices such as cell phones to supercomputers employing Linux clusters. One estimate from Forbes.com estimates that 60% of the worlds top 500 computers runs Linux. The availability of the OS source code allows it to be customized and tailored to users needs.
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